程冬初和他的木雕《桃花源里可耕田》
编者按
2014年7月7日，湖南省民协【记住乡愁】寻找湖南最美“古村镇，老手艺”活动已经进行了2个多月，这次采编组将带你走进湖南省常德桃源县木雕传奇“桃源工”。
【湖南日报】2014年7月7日第11版报道
“桃源工”再兴，有着时代背景。譬如说，重视文化传承、生活品位提升、文化产业发展等。
但记者发现，这当中，也有一批追求者和爱好者。
是“匠”也是“家”
在桃花源镇，记者遇上了“桃源工”传人程冬初。
走进他家大厅，映入眼帘的，是2米来长、0.7米高的《花开富贵》木雕。湘绣、国画中，《花开富贵》是“保留”题材，有过许多经典作品。
这块木雕与绣、画相比，是它的立体感、层次感。粗一看，好似阴雕；细一看，牡丹花瓣、花蕊栩栩如生，花枝、叶片更是“货真价实”。它集“桃源工”木雕技法之大全：浮雕、阴雕、穿雕、圆雕、立体雕、镂空雕，堪称木雕经典。
程冬初的妻子告诉我们，这块木雕花了近半年功夫。
“桃源工”已不仅仅是建筑、家庭用具的装饰工、匠人，而是已踏上独立创作之路的艺术“家”了。
程冬初就是这样一个想做“家”的人。
做“俗”也求“雅”
在程家琳琅满目的作品室里，记者看到了《桃花源里可耕田》、《源里牧歌》等新创作品。
前者雕了一头荷犁的水牛，年轻农夫扶犁。牛儿回过头来，望着主人，是想诉说劳作的辛苦，还是想叙说桃花源里的美丽？主人则弯着腰，伸过头，是倾听牛儿诉说，还是告诉它莫负大好春光？
那个“源里牧歌”，一个骑在牛背上的牧童，悠闲地吹着他的竹笛；牛儿啃着青草，悠悠地向前行进。
这是木雕刀下的田园牧歌。
程冬初说，这只是小试“牛刀”，他有个“大野心”——将《桃花源记》里的意境，雕成像《清明上河图》那样的长卷。长卷里，打鱼、耕田、喂鸡、打擂茶、河边浣衣……如果说，看了《清明上河图》，让人马上联想大宋都城繁华的话，那么他的木雕长卷让人马上想到桃花源，想到“桃源工”。
男雕女也雕
当然，更多的“桃源工”传人还是“匠”，越来越多的人愿意做“匠”。
程冬初妻子陈冬兰就是一个。她坐在雕桌前，雕刻桃木剑柄。一块原木在她的刀下，一会儿现出了狮形轮廓。
问起她学艺的情况，她爽朗地笑着说：“不是日子过不下，实在是种爱好。”
她十几岁摸刻刀，嫁给程冬初，也就夫唱妻和了。平日，程冬初在外面收材料，搞经营，她带着一帮师傅在屋里搞雕刻。她说，现在搞木雕的人多了些，她的儿子也搞。县里投钱，在桃花源景区建起了木雕作品展厅和艺术培训及传承基地，许多人都来学艺。
真花与雕花
“桃源工”的刀下，诞生了许多如溢香气的花卉作品，而他们自己的生活却得靠真花“解馋”。
在程家雕室内，师傅们在刻桌上摆着两朵清水滋养的新鲜玉兰花，是做参照依样画葫芦？他们回答，其实是为了闻香。搞木雕一坐就是好几个小时，动作单调，凿凿、刮刮、刨刨的，好长一段日子就时时与一件雕件作伴，没有个坐功是不行的。摆上这花，实在是为了闻闻香味，开开心。
为大众生活创造了美的“桃源工”，自己在单调寂寞中度过。
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