编者按
湖南省民协【大美乡愁】寻找湖南最美“古村镇，老手艺”活动采编组，带你走涟源市荷塘镇古楼村锡三堂。
【湖南日报】2014年8月10日第二版报道
本报记者 文热心 段云行
“堂”号“锡三”，表示这家主人受过皇帝的三次封赏。“锡，音xī……‘易’意为交换。‘金’指金属，多指青铜。‘金’与‘易’组成字（其意之一）表示‘君臣之间用金属原料（如铜锭）和功劳政绩进行相互交换’。”
“锡三堂”主人李续宾正是一个用生命和皇帝换“金”的人。
李家后人说“锡三”
锡三堂在涟源市荷塘镇古楼村。这里当年属湘乡县。锡三堂主人李续宾是“湘军第一大将”。他自参加湘军至三河败亡，“大小六百余战”。于太平军而言，他是“十分凶恶的清军将领”。
7月底，出现在记者眼中的锡三堂显得有些破败，好在基本骨架仍在。这是一个三进大院。外墙由清代流行的“三六九”青砖砌就，里墙用的则是土砖。其第一进为马厩、长工住房等。一进与二进之间的天井比起一般小户人家的要大得多，其实就是一个练兵场，因为主人是武官，驻兵200人看家护院。二进是主人家眷的生活区，并肩两排房子。又一道天井后是三进，正堂供着祖宗牌位，两边房子是主人的起居、读书、议事区域。
在这里，记者见到了李家族人第五代李朝晖。他说，锡三堂当年规模宏大，气势不凡。占地100多亩，位于一个四面环山的盆地里，只有一个极窄的入口。入口处距锡三堂大门约一里路，青石板路上屹立着一座纯汉白玉牌坊，40多米高，上有咸丰皇帝的御笔，只可惜在文革时被拆掉了。除了以山作为屏障外，院子四周还建有青砖围墙，墙上有炮台，平日有兵丁守卫。
他说，锡三堂虽然并不华丽，但住家舒适、安全，也气派。整个建筑群背山而建，坐北朝南，冬暖夏凉，视野开阔。门口有三口池塘，用于蓄水灭火。后院的三重水井，全用巨块青石砌成，井水终年不息。这里还有完整的排水系统，水从地下管道排入房前池塘，虽然多年没修过，可至今没一个天井堵塞。
堂号“锡三”，得从主人李续宾的经历说起。
三封——7年布衣变总督
李续宾是“湘军之母”罗泽南的学生。1852年，罗泽南在涟源杨家滩做教书先生、“闻风而动”响应清廷办团练抗击太平天国时，“续宾奉父命往佐之”。从此，李续宾跟随老师南征北战，成为罗泽南的得力战将。
李朝晖告诉记者，他曾看过李续宾的画像，揣摩其起码有一米八的个子。史籍也说，李“臂力过人，善骑射”。参加湘军后，李在田家镇一战中一举成名，被加赏“挚勇巴图鲁”名号，升为安庆知府。巴图鲁，满语中“勇将”之意。在清朝，用这个名号大量赐封将士，以鼓舞士气。封法有两种：一种只称巴图鲁；另一种在巴图鲁前再加勇号，满语勇号如“达桑”等，汉字勇号如“劲勇”等。李续宾的勇号为“挚勇”，既英勇也诚挚。这是李续宾的首封。
第二次是在1858年5月，李续宾率部从太平军手里夺得战略要地九江城，清廷加赏他巡抚衔。
第三次，是在1858年9月的三河之役中。李续宾因分兵冒进，加之虚骄之心作怪，陷入太平军重围，最后全军覆没，自己也死于乱军之中。
死讯传开，湘军主帅之一的胡林翼哀叹“此番长城顿失……”曾国藩则“哀恸填膺，减食数日”，并追思：“湘军之兴，威震海内，大之者李续宾也。”咸丰皇帝闻之也“不觉陨涕”，说李“……屡建奇功，诸将之中，无与伦比。”清廷追封其为总督，世袭男爵，赐其父母一品封典。
7年时间，李续宾由布衣“升”为总督，其顶子也可谓“血红”。
“锡三”——高龄“一百五”
李朝晖告诉记者，李续宾殒命后，遗体运回老家，就葬在锡三堂后的西山上。但是，他们上两辈人说，运回的遗体其实是沉香木雕的。因为他战死于三河之役。不管他是因为战马陷入泥沼，被太平军击杀，还是投水自杀，都不可能有全尸。如果是前者，太平军与他可谓“仇人相见，分外眼红”，下场就是肉酱。如果是后者，又到哪里去寻找他的遗体呢？
当然，李朝晖说，这房子是李续宾殒命后，咸丰皇帝赐给李家的，这就值得研究了。如果是李身后所赐，虽荣却不见得有威，不可能有200兵丁护院……但不管怎么样，这个建筑群已是高龄“一百五”了。无论是它的建筑成就，历史蕴含，还是它的文化价值，都值得我们珍视。
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